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Colorectal cancer is a cancer characterized by neoplasia in the colon and rectum. Symptoms of this cancer are nonspecific. They include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, diarrhea or constipation, red or dark blood in stool, weight loss, abdominal pa... moreColorectal cancer is a cancer characterized by neoplasia in the colon and rectum. Symptoms of this cancer are nonspecific. They include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, diarrhea or constipation, red or dark blood in stool, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramps, or bloating. The cancer can be present for several years before symptoms develop. Symptoms vary according to where in the large bowel the tumor is located. Screening helps prevent colon cancer, a common disease that's often fatal when it's found in later stages Surgery is the most common treatment for colorectal cancer, also chemotherapy and radiation therapy. less
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There are other type of colorectal polyposis syndromes, such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Turcot syndrome, Juvenile polyposis syndrome and etc. Colorectal polyps are not usually associated with symptoms. When they occur, symptoms include rectal bleeding, bl... moreThere are other type of colorectal polyposis syndromes, such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Turcot syndrome, Juvenile polyposis syndrome and etc. Colorectal polyps are not usually associated with symptoms. When they occur, symptoms include rectal bleeding, bloody stools, abdominal pain and fatigue, constipation and diarrhea. Occasionally, if a polyp is big enough to cause a bowel obstruction, there may be nausea, vomiting and severe constipation. Polyps can be removed during a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. Screening for bowel cancer is recommended because untreated colorectal polyps can develop into colorectal cancer. less
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Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a condition in which numerous polyps form mainly in the epithelium of the large intestine. From early adolescence and onwards, patients with this condition develop hundreds to thousands of polyps. These may bleed, l... moreFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a condition in which numerous polyps form mainly in the epithelium of the large intestine. From early adolescence and onwards, patients with this condition develop hundreds to thousands of polyps. These may bleed, leading to blood in the stool. Anemia also present if the blood is not visible. Most patients with FAP are asymptomatic until they develop cancer. Surgery is most common for treating the colon polyps, also anti-inflammatory. less
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The Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is a good example of nonfamilial gastrointestinal polyposis. This syndrome is characterized by intestinal polyposis, nail dystrophy, alopecia, skin hyperpigmentation, protein-losing enteropathy, diarrhea, weight loss, and mal... moreThe Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is a good example of nonfamilial gastrointestinal polyposis. This syndrome is characterized by intestinal polyposis, nail dystrophy, alopecia, skin hyperpigmentation, protein-losing enteropathy, diarrhea, weight loss, and malnutrition. The cause of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is unknown, and the mean age of occurrence is 55 years. The polyps in this syndrome appear similar to those in juvenile polyposis, but, in contrast, inflammatory changes between the polyps are noted in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. Other examples of nonfamilial gastrointestinal polyposis are nodular lymphoid hyperplasia and hyperplastic polyposis. less
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A colon polyp is a small clump of cells that forms on the lining of the colon and small intestine.. Although most polyps are harmless, some become cancerous over time. Anyone can develop these polyps. But higher risk is in 50 years old people or older, ov... moreA colon polyp is a small clump of cells that forms on the lining of the colon and small intestine.. Although most polyps are harmless, some become cancerous over time. Anyone can develop these polyps. But higher risk is in 50 years old people or older, overweight or a smoker, or have a personal or family history of colon and small intestine polyps or cancer. Small polyps aren't likely to cause problems. You might not know you have one until your doctor finds it during an examination of your bowel. Sometimes, however, you may have signs and symptoms such as rectal bleeding, blood in your stool, constipation and diarrhea. Polyps that are found in the early stages usually can be removed safely and completely with surgey less
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Diverticulitis occurs when one or more diverticula in digestive tract become inflamed or infected. Patients often present with the classic triad of left lower quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis (an elevation of the white cell count in blood tests). Pa... moreDiverticulitis occurs when one or more diverticula in digestive tract become inflamed or infected. Patients often present with the classic triad of left lower quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis (an elevation of the white cell count in blood tests). Patients may also complain of nausea or diarrhea, others may be constipated. In some cases surgery may be required, most cases of simple, uncomplicated diverticulitis respond to conservative therapy with bowel rest and antibiotics. less
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Uncomplicated Colon Diverticular disease is defined as the presence of diverticula in the absence of complications such as perforation, fistula, obstruction and/or bleeding. The distribution of diverticula along the colon almost always left-sided. The mos... moreUncomplicated Colon Diverticular disease is defined as the presence of diverticula in the absence of complications such as perforation, fistula, obstruction and/or bleeding. The distribution of diverticula along the colon almost always left-sided. The most common symptom is abdominal pain, which may be exacerbated by eating and eased by defecation or the passage of flatus. Other symptoms such as nausea, episodic diarrhea, constipation and bloating. The use of non-absorbable antibiotics is the mainstay of therapy in patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Alternative treatments is used recently, also immunomodulator like mesalazine and probiotics. less
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Ulcerative colitis,is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The most common symptoms of ulcerative colitis are abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Patients also may experience anemia, fatigue, weight ... moreUlcerative colitis,is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The most common symptoms of ulcerative colitis are abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Patients also may experience anemia, fatigue, weight loss, loss of appetite and also we can find blood on rectal examination. Treatment for ulcerative colitis depends on the severity of the disease. Drug Therapy, like aminosalicylates and corticosteroids can be use, and also surgery in some cases. less
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of the lining of digestive tract. The most common signs and symptoms are diarrhea (with or without blood), abdominal pain and bloating. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, ... moreCrohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of the lining of digestive tract. The most common signs and symptoms are diarrhea (with or without blood), abdominal pain and bloating. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, also fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss, fever, nausea and vomiting. At the present time, there is no cure for Crohn's disease. Symptoms can controlled with medication, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, surgery. less
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Antibiotic-associated colitis is an inflammation of the intestines that sometimes occurs following antibiotic treatment and is caused by toxins produced by the bacterium Clostridium difficile. Symptoms usually begin four to ten days after antibiotic treat... moreAntibiotic-associated colitis is an inflammation of the intestines that sometimes occurs following antibiotic treatment and is caused by toxins produced by the bacterium Clostridium difficile. Symptoms usually begin four to ten days after antibiotic treatment has begun. The symptoms include lower abdominal cramps, an increased need to pass stool, and watery diarrhea. As the disease progresses, the patient may experience a general ill feeling, fatigue, abdominal pain, and fever. The treatment is to replace lost fluids and prevent dehydration. Antibiotic like vancomysin and metronidazol to control the growth of the Clostridium difficile, and alternative treatment like supplements containing Lactobacillus acidophilus (found in yogurt and some types of milk). less
